雅思寫(xiě)作大作文話題思路指導(dǎo)：犯罪類(lèi)
每到臨近雅思考試前一天，考生們就開(kāi)始焦慮，寫(xiě)作總計(jì)1小時(shí)，時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，留給考生規(guī)劃寫(xiě)作思路的時(shí)間不多，想要迅速進(jìn)入筆落驚風(fēng)雨下筆如有神的境界?臺(tái)前幕后功夫少不了，最重要的還是提前準(zhǔn)備好寫(xiě)作思路。本期小編就為大家?guī)?lái)雅思寫(xiě)作大作文犯罪類(lèi)話題的相關(guān)寫(xiě)作思路指導(dǎo)。
雅思寫(xiě)作大作文話題思路指導(dǎo)：犯罪類(lèi)
首先我們來(lái)看一下關(guān)于犯罪類(lèi)寫(xiě)作話題有哪些，主要有分析犯罪的原因，青少年犯罪問(wèn)題以及如何降低犯罪。話題題目如下：
The news about violent crimes may frighten people or, on contrary, encourage them to commit a crime. Therefore, some believe that these types of news should not be reported in newspapers or on TV. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
In many parts of the world, children and teenagers are committing more crimes. What are the causes? How should these young criminals be punished?
In many countries crime is increasing. What are the main reasons for this? What can be done to improve the situation?
下面我們就一一分析一下。
首先：關(guān)于犯罪的成因。
無(wú)論是青少年犯罪或者成年人犯罪，首先應(yīng)該想到的是經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題，經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題會(huì)影響社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定，如失業(yè)率的提升，失學(xué)、食物匱乏、家庭負(fù)擔(dān)加重甚至破產(chǎn)，這時(shí)就會(huì)滋生犯罪。而貧窮落后地區(qū)的兒童往往面臨失學(xué)問(wèn)題，也是造成青少年犯罪的重要原因。
由經(jīng)濟(jì)層面進(jìn)入教育層面，大部分暴力犯罪者的受教育程度比較低，他們因?yàn)樨毟F過(guò)早的進(jìn)入社會(huì)，或者失業(yè)導(dǎo)致流落街頭，這類(lèi)人群沖動(dòng)易怒，易發(fā)生沖突。
心理健康問(wèn)題，這是比較容易忽略的問(wèn)題。校園暴力者本身會(huì)存在心理問(wèn)題，甚至場(chǎng)景是校園暴力，家庭暴力的受害者。
這里有一些特殊的犯罪比如網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙、經(jīng)濟(jì)犯罪這些則是其他原因，要單獨(dú)說(shuō)。由于信息技術(shù)發(fā)達(dá)，個(gè)人信息安全遭到竊取，給網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙可乘之機(jī)。還有就是一些機(jī)構(gòu)腐敗滋生。高科技犯罪者本身的受教育程度可能很高，智商也高，這時(shí)候我們要轉(zhuǎn)換思路，這類(lèi)高科技犯罪背后的原因是法律意識(shí)淡薄。
犯罪情節(jié)由輕到重包括：校園暴力、盜竊、殺人，經(jīng)濟(jì)犯罪、網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙等。近年來(lái)青少年犯罪的相關(guān)新聞比較多見(jiàn)，建議考生多關(guān)注相關(guān)報(bào)道，新聞中會(huì)給出相關(guān)的事件分析。
分析完成因，后面就要考慮如何降低犯罪，按照情節(jié)的嚴(yán)重程度做不同的處理。
情節(jié)輕微的，小懲小戒，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重者就要毫不留情的處罰，甚至拘禁。
面對(duì)青少年犯罪，對(duì)于情節(jié)較輕的一般采取糾正引導(dǎo)。情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的如盜竊、傷人，那么就需要采取一定處罰措施，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重到傷人的，則應(yīng)該依法采取措施。有嚴(yán)重暴力傾向，反人類(lèi)的行為的青少年，建議采取心理治理和法律約束。同時(shí)對(duì)被害人也需要進(jìn)行心理治療。
然而預(yù)防青少年犯罪才是從根本上減少或降低犯罪傷害的有效措施。來(lái)自學(xué)校，管教所和家庭的教育很重要。最后，為了避免再次誤入歧途，視情況為青少年罪犯提供必要的幫助和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)等。
最后，如何有效地降低犯罪或抑制犯罪，當(dāng)然是提高就業(yè)率和加強(qiáng)國(guó)家的安全意識(shí)。
關(guān)于反復(fù)犯罪，并不能完全依靠監(jiān)獄解決，監(jiān)獄能關(guān)住的只有嚴(yán)重暴力傾向的罪犯，而大部分初犯者，他們的人生還很長(zhǎng)，需要社會(huì)的重新接納。
雅思寫(xiě)作素材之犯罪類(lèi)
1. 先來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)犯罪份子該如何表達(dá)
criminals 名詞，罪犯(值得注意的是，該詞有形容詞性)。
offenders 名詞，罪犯，違法者。
convicts 名詞，罪犯，囚徒(前段時(shí)間很紅的一套書(shū)《囚徒健身》，"Convict Conditioning")。
culprits 名詞，犯人。同時(shí)，本詞可以指的是被指控犯罪的人。
outlaws 名詞，罪犯。也有動(dòng)詞詞性，并且為及物動(dòng)詞，譯為宣布某事為不合法。
suspect (criminal suspect)名詞，犯罪嫌疑人。其實(shí)，在法庭最終宣判之前，我們口中的罪犯多數(shù)情況下應(yīng)該用這個(gè)詞表達(dá)，更為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。
prisoner 名詞，犯人，囚犯。
juvenile criminals 名詞，青少年罪犯。
minor criminals 名詞，未成年罪犯。
juvenile delinquent / juvenile offender 名詞，少年犯，或行為不端的青少年
值得注意的是，其實(shí)在雅思寫(xiě)作犯罪類(lèi)的話題中，未成年人犯罪往往是常見(jiàn)話題。因此后面幾個(gè)詞匯，需要大家重點(diǎn)掌握。
2. 來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)犯罪這件事該如何表達(dá)，要注意詞性標(biāo)注
commit a crime ( commit crimes ) 動(dòng)賓，犯罪
violate the law / break the law 動(dòng)賓，犯罪，違法
offend against the law 動(dòng)賓，違法
violent crimes / non-violent crimes 形容詞 + 名詞，暴力犯罪 / 非暴力犯罪
delinquent behaviors / illegal acts / lawless behaviors 形容詞 + 名詞，不法的行為
juvenile delinquency 名詞，特指青少年的不法行為
illegality 名詞，泛指所有違法行為。此外，immorality 名詞，指的是不道德的行為，其實(shí)近似于違法行為，但是略有區(qū)別。同理，副詞 illegally 和 immorally 也是類(lèi)似的區(qū)別
wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency 名詞，都是指的是行為不端
請(qǐng)見(jiàn)如下例文：(青少年違法之后應(yīng)該如何被懲罰永遠(yuǎn)是雅思考試的常見(jiàn)話題)
There is no denying that everyone should be punished due to his/her illegality, no matter how old he/she is. Notwithstanding, this does not imply that juvenile culprits should be treated as equally as adult prisoners. Juvenile detentions ought to be the place for those minor offenders instead of common jails, and besides juvenile suspects should be on trial in juvenile court where their right can be protected much better.
Juvenile convicts with violent crimes should be detained in juvenile detentions as they might be potential threats to our society, and on the other hand minor culprits with non-violent crimes can be punished with more flexibility such as being forced to do social work.
PS: Juvenile detentions 名詞，少管所
juvenile court 名詞，未成年人法庭
detain 及物動(dòng)詞，羈押
3. 犯罪率的表達(dá)方式
Crime rate / incident of crime
如何降低犯罪率，是經(jīng)常在雅思寫(xiě)作中被討論的話題。
Unbelievably high juvenile crime rate is plaguing many countries all over the world, and how to reduce it has become prime task for those governments for a long time.
4.rehabilitate criminals / reform criminals 動(dòng)賓，改造罪犯
Main function of prisons is not only punishing culprits with locking them up but also rehabilitating them as everyone no matter what he/she has done deserves a second chance. 監(jiān)獄的功能不僅是限制犯人的自由，還要給這些犯人提供一個(gè)改過(guò)自新的機(jī)會(huì)。
5. 幾個(gè)導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪的原因如下：
Lack of moral education 名詞性，缺少德育教育(lack 一詞在實(shí)際寫(xiě)作中是考生們常犯錯(cuò)誤的地方，請(qǐng)看后面的注解。)
Inappropriate parenting 名詞性，不恰當(dāng)?shù)?a href='http://m.zbfsgm.com/jiao/jiating/' target='_blank'>家庭教育
Being exposed to misleading information from media 動(dòng)名詞性質(zhì)，暴露于媒體的誘導(dǎo)性信息
Lack of ability of telling right from wrong 名詞性，缺少辨別是非的能力
Blindly imitate what they often see or read in media 動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，盲目模仿在媒體中看到的或者聽(tīng)到的事物
PS： 關(guān)于 lack
首先，可以是及物動(dòng)詞。例如：With stress from exams, students lack enthusiasm on learning any kind of art.
其次，名詞，多用于詞組 be lack of / be lack in = be short of 例如：Generally speaking, high crime rate, to a great extent, can be attributed to lack of law enforcement capacity of police.
再次，lacking 形容詞，常用詞組 be lacking of / be lacking in 例如： Fresh graduates are usually lacking in working experience that is required badly on majority of job positions.
雅思寫(xiě)作：犯罪審判該不該在電視上播放
雅思寫(xiě)作范文：犯罪審判該不該在電視上播放。In some countries, some criminal trials are shown on the television and the general public can watch them. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
雅思寫(xiě)作題目類(lèi)型：利弊分析
話題：犯罪
大綱：
優(yōu)點(diǎn)：1. 公眾教育(降低犯罪率);2.法制監(jiān)督(公正，用語(yǔ));3. 司法公信力(信任與安全感;鼓勵(lì)法律途徑)
缺點(diǎn)：1. 嫌疑人安全;2. 隱私;
范文：
The mass media of some nations including mine has entitled to access some court trials so that the public can watch and review law suits on TV, internet and newspaper. Although the privacy or even security of suspects may be invaded or threatened in certain cases, this progressive policy definitively benefits more not only for the persons on trial but for normal ones in the national context.
The drawbacks of the enforcement mainly focus on men in court. Apparently, suspects’ privacy is to be respected before the sentence which means the deprivation of its political rights and even some victims are unwilling to expose their tragedy to the public, toughening the aftermath and rehabilitation. What is more, it is easy to assume that the vindicated sometimes get hurt out of court when he or she is innocent but the public believe him or her guilty.
Despite the previous two factors, the progress this decision has made is prominent in three aspects. The first comes from the easier access of law issues and the public learn the principle and details about laws and decrees, knowing the legal limits and thus bringing down the crime rate. Another profit for both the public and suspects is that this performance online is a kind of supervision in a much larger scale incomparison with the jury, which enhance judge’s level like expertise and language. Last but not least, this implement gain much public trust so citizens feel secured and would turn to lawyers and courts for help when necessary.
In conclusion, this action educates the public, monitor the legal system and win the trust. The merits obviously outweigh the demerits and it could be better when the will and privacy of interested parties like juveniles can be considered and protected.
雅思寫(xiě)作大作文范文：犯罪的原因及針對(duì)性辦法
劍10G類(lèi)testA雅思寫(xiě)作大作文范文
Writing Task 2
In many countries, the amount of crime is increasing. What do you think are the main causes of crime? How can we deal with those causes?
參考范文——犯罪的原因及針對(duì)性辦法
In this essay, I will explore the causes of crime and how we can go about eliminating crime from our society by tackling the causes.
As we know, crime has become a hot issue in today’s society. It seems that not a day goes by without newspaper headlines such as “15 dead in gangland murder spree” and “Bankers steal 90 million from children’s charity” . The question is why? What drives people to do such I terrible things? I believe the cause of most, if not all, crime comes down to opportunity and education. Simply put, if a person has few options in life, he may become desperate for the things most of us take for granted (food, clothing etc) and steal them. On the other hand, if a I person has the opportunity to break the law for his own benefit and figures that the odds are I against them being caught, he is fairly likely to do so (banking fraud, confidence schemes and I such). In terms of education, either a person is unaware of the damage he causes, or he simply sees no other way to get what he wants. Both of these causes must be tackled if we wish to reduce crime in our societies.
I would recommend improving basic living standards to solve the problem of opportunistic crime. If the government provides all citizens with a house, food, clothing and health care, then there should be no reason for a person to steal. Further, an ethic of hard work should also be instilled in the citizenry - the idea that some people get more because they deserve it, either they work harder or are simply better at their job than other people, and therefore they should be rewarded for this. This should be indoctrinated in a person from birth. In this way, we would see people become more productive and less willing to cheat their way to their goals.
(328 words)
在這篇文章中，我將闡釋犯罪的原因，以及我們?nèi)绾文軌蜥槍?duì)這些原因減少社會(huì)中的犯罪。
正如我們所知，犯罪已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今社會(huì)的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。幾乎每天的報(bào)紙頭條上都會(huì)有諸如此類(lèi)的標(biāo)題——“15人死于黑社會(huì)謀殺混戰(zhàn)”或“銀行家從兒童基金會(huì)挪用9000萬(wàn)”。問(wèn)題是為什么?是什么驅(qū)使人們做出如此惡劣的事情?我認(rèn)為大部分——即使不是全部——犯罪都是源于機(jī)會(huì)主義和教育缺失。簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，如果某人在生活中別無(wú)選擇，他便會(huì)極其渴望得到大部分人都習(xí)以為常的東西(如食物、衣物等)，并盜取它們。從另一方面來(lái)說(shuō)，如果某人有機(jī)會(huì)為個(gè)人利益而違反法律，并且認(rèn)為被抓住的可能性不大，那么他極有可能會(huì)以身試法(如銀行詐騙、信用欺詐等)。至于教育缺失，則指的是某人意識(shí)不到自身引起的傷害，或者是他找不到其他方式獲取他想要的。如果我們希望減少社會(huì)中的犯罪，那么這兩方面的問(wèn)題必須得到解決。
我建議通過(guò)提高基本生活水準(zhǔn)來(lái)解決機(jī)會(huì)主義犯罪問(wèn)題。假如政府給予所有公民房子、食物、衣物和醫(yī)保，那么人們就沒(méi)有理由去偷盜。另外，還應(yīng)該向所有公民灌輸辛勤工作的道德觀，即多勞者多得——他們或是工作更努力，或只是工作能力比他人更好，因此他們應(yīng)該有所收獲。這樣的意識(shí)應(yīng)該從一個(gè)人出生時(shí)就被灌輸。這樣一來(lái)，我們就能看到人們變得更有效率，而不再想用欺詐的手段達(dá)到目的。
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雅思寫(xiě)作大作文話題思路指導(dǎo)：犯罪類(lèi)
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